செவ்வாய், 7 ஆகஸ்ட், 2018

கலைஞர் மு.கருணாநிதி

ராதே கிருஷ்ணா 08-08-2018




கலைஞர் மு.கருணாநிதி


M. Karunanidhi

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M. Karunanidhi
Karunanidhi pay homage to Manorama.JPG
3rd Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
In office
13 May 2006 – 15 May 2011
DeputyM. K. Stalin (2009–2011)
Preceded byJ. Jayalalithaa
Succeeded byJ. Jayalalithaa
ConstituencyChepauk
In office
13 May 1996 – 13 May 2001
Preceded byJ. Jayalalithaa
Succeeded byO. Panneerselvam
ConstituencyChepauk
In office
27 January 1989 – 30 January 1991
Preceded byJanaki Ramachandran
Succeeded byJ. Jayalalithaa
ConstituencyHarbour
In office
15 March 1971 – 31 January 1976
Preceded byPresident's rule
Succeeded byPresident's rule
ConstituencySaidapet
In office
10 February 1969 – 4 January 1971
Preceded byV. R. Nedunchezhiyan (acting)
Succeeded byPresident's rule
ConstituencySaidapet
Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
for Thiruvarur
In office
15 May 2011 – 7 August 2018
Preceded byU. Mathivanan
Personal details
Born3 June 1924
ThirukuvalaiMadras PresidencyBritish India (now in Nagapattinam District, Tamil Nadu, India)
Died7 August 2018 (aged 94)[1]
Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Political partyDravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Other political
affiliations
Justice PartyDravidar Kazhagam (before 1949)
Spouse(s)Padmavathi Ammal[dead link]
Dayalu Ammal
Rajathi Ammal
RelationsSee Karunanidhi family
Children6 (including MuthuAzhagiriStalinKanimozhi
ResidenceGopalapuram, Chennai
Signature
Muthuvel Karunanidhi (3 June 1924 – 7 August 2018) was an Indian writer and politician who served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadufor five terms and twenty years between 1969 and 2011. He was a long-standing leader of the Dravidian self-respect movement and ten-time president of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam political party. Before entering politics he worked in the Tamil film industry as a screenwriter. He has also made contributions to Tamil literature, having written stories, plays, novels, and a multiple-volume memoir.[2][3] He was popularly referred to as Kalaignar in Tamil Nadu by his supporters.
Karunanidhi died on 7 August 2018 at Kauvery Hospital in Chennai after prolonged, age-related illness.[1]

Early life and family

Born in Thirukkuvalai village in Nagapattinam district, he was born as a son of Muthuvelu and Anju. Karunanidhi was more interested in drama, poetry, and literature during his school season. Karunanidhi, who was inspired by the speaker Azhagirisamy,[4] considered the pillar of the Justice Party, completely engaged in social movements at his 14th age. With the help of some of his students in the field of youth, the "youth revitalized the organization". The organization helped young people develop their inspiration and writing. After some time, the state was formed as a state-level "All Students Club." This was the first student division of the Dravidian movement. Karunanidhi also engaged the student community in social work with other members. DMK The party's official newspaper, Murasoli, started developing a newspaper for its members. The first major opposition to Karunanidhi's support for Tamil politics involved in the Kallukudi[5] demonstration (1953). The original name of this industrial city is Kallagudi. Dalmiya, which set up a cement plant is from North India and changed the original name Kallakkudi to Dalmiyapuram. DMK opposed the name change as it was seen as North Indian oppression of Tamil Nadu. Karunanidhi and his comrades posted papers on the name "Dalmiyaapuram" in the railway station name board and block the passage of the trains. Two people died in the demonstration by the police action and Karunanidhi was arrested.[6][5]

Screenwriting


Karunanidhi awards Kalaimamani
Karunanidhi began his career as a screenwriter in the Tamil film industry.[7] His first movie as screen writer was Rajakumari produced by Coimbatore based Jupiter Pictures directed by A. S. A. Sami starring M. G. Ramachandran. During this period he and M. G. Ramachandran, then an upcoming actor and later day founder of AIADMK party started a long friendship eventually turning into rivals in later years politics. His stint with Jupiters Pictures then housed at Central Studios continued for another MGR starrer Abhimanyu (1948 film)Marudhanaattu Ilavarasi(1950) starring M. G. Ramachandran and V. N. Janaki.
Around late 1949, T. R. Sundaram of Modern Theatres Studio in Salem engaged Karunanidhi as scriptwriter for the film Manthiri Kumari starring M. G. Ramachandran which would become be a blockbuster hit. Later T. R. Sundaram had Karunanidhi on permanent rolls at Modern Studio.

Parasakthi

His most notable movie was Parasakthi.[8], a turning point in Tamil cinema, as it espoused the ideologies of the Dravidian movement and also introduced two prominent actors of Tamil filmdom, Sivaji Ganesan and S. S. Rajendran.[9] The movie was initially marred with controversies and faced censorship troubles, but was eventually released in 1952.[9]becoming a huge box office hit. The movie was opposed by orthodox Hindus since it contained elements that criticized Brahmanism.[10]
Two other movies written by Karunanidhi that contained such messages were Panam (1952) directed by famous comedian and political activist N. S. Krishnan and Thangarathnam (1960) produced and acted by S. S. Rajendran another popular actor and DMK activist..[8] These movies contained themes such as widow remarriage, abolition of untouchabilityself-respect marriages, abolition of zamindari and abolition of religious hypocrisy.[9]. Another memorable hit movie was Manohara (1954) starring Sivaji Ganesan, S. S. Rajendran and P. Kannamba known for its crisp dialouges.

Writing and narration style

Through his wit and oratorical skills he rapidly rose as a popular politician. As his movies and plays with strong social messages became popular, they suffered from increased censorship; two of his plays in the 1950s were banned.[9] He was famous for writing historical and social (reformist) stories which propagated the socialist and rationalist ideals of the Dravidian movement to which he belonged. Alongside C. N. Annadurai he began using Tamil cinema to propagate his political ideals through his movies.

Filmography

At the age of 20, Karunanidhi went to work for Jupiter Pictures as a scriptwriter. His first film, Rajakumaari, gained him much popularity. It was here that his skills as a scriptwriter were honed, which extended to several films. He was active in screenwriting even during his later political career till 2011 when he last wrote for historic movie Ponnar Shankar.

Literature


Karunanidhi seen with actor Sivaji Ganesan
Karunanidhi is known for his contributions to Tamil literature. His contributions cover a wide range: poems, letters, screenplays, novels, biographies, historical novels, stage-plays, dialogues and movie songs. He has written Kuraloviam for Thirukural, Tholkaappiya Poonga, Poombukar, as well as many poems, essays and books. Apart from literature, Karunanidhi has also contributed to the Tamil languagethrough art and architecture. Like the Kuraloviyam, in which Kalaignar wrote about Thirukkural, through the construction of Valluvar Kottamhe gave an architectural presence to Thiruvalluvar, in Chennai. At Kanyakumari, Karunanidhi constructed a 133-foot-high statue of Thiruvalluvar in honour of the scholar.

Books

The books written by Karunanidhi include Sanga ThamizhThirukkural UraiPonnar SankarRomapuri PandianThenpandi SingamVellikizhamaiNenjukku NeedhiIniyavai Irubathu and Kuraloviam. His books of prose and poetry number more than 100.

Stage plays

Karunanidhi's stage plays include: ManimagudamOre RathamPalaniappanThooku MedaiKagithapooNaane ArivaliVellikizhamaiUdhayasooriyan and Silappathikaram.

Politics

Entry into politics

Karunanidhi entered politics at the age of 14, inspired by a speech by Alagiriswamii of the Justice Party, and participated in Anti-Hindi agitations. He founded an organisation for the local youth of his locality. He circulated a handwritten newspaper called Manavar Nesan to its members. Later he founded a student organisation called Tamil Nadu Tamil Manavar Mandram, which was the first student wing of the Dravidan Movement. Karunanidhi involved himself and the student community in social work with other members. Here he started a newspaper for its members, which grew into Murasoli, the DMK party's official newspaper.
The first major protest that aided Karunanidhi in gaining ground in Tamil politics was his involvement in the Kallakudi agitation in Kallakudi. Original name of this industrial town was Kallakudi and it was changed to Dalmiapuram after a cement mogul who built a cement plant there. DMK wanted to change the name back to Kallakudi. In the protest Karunanidhi and his companions erased the name Dalmiapuram from the railway station and lay down on the tracks blocking the course of trains. Two people died in the protest and Karunanidhi was arrested.[11]

Rise to power

At the age of 33, Karunanidhi entered the Tamil Nadu assembly by winning the Kulithalai seat in the 1957 election. He became the DMK treasurer in 1961 and deputy leader of opposition in the state assembly in the year 1962 and when the DMK came to power in 1967, he became the Minister for Public Works.

Chief Minister

When Annadurai expired in 1969, Karunanidhi became the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu and the first leader of DMK, since the leader post was customarily left vacant for Periyarduring Annadurai time as Annadurai was party general secretary only. He has held various positions in the party and government during his long career in Tamil Nadu political arena.
70's and Emergency
During the Emergency DMK was the only ruling party that opposed the emergency for which his government was summarily dismissed by Indira Gandhi's government and many of his party leaders were arrested till emergency was lifted. Later D.M.K teamed with Janata Party post emergency but suffered defeat at assembly elections under accusations of corruption .
His one time friend M. G. Ramachandran who floated his AIADMK party after being sacked by Karunanidhi from DMK few years back would come to power in Tamil Nadu. DMK suffered multiple electoral defeats against, his primary opponent M.G.Ramachandran's, AIADMK until the latter's death in 1987.

Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Dr. Kalaignar M. Karunanidhi meeting the then Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh, in Chennai, 2011

The Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Shri M. Karunanidhi meeting the Deputy Chairman Planning Commission, Shri Montek Singh Ahluwalia to finalize plan for the current financial year, in New Delhi on June 6, 2006
80's & 90's
After a brief stint as Chief Minister during the late 1980s (his government was dismissed by the Central government on accusations of degrading Law and Order situation in the state) after Rajiv Gandhi's assassination. Karunanidhi became the CM of Tamil Nadu in 1996 following a sweeping electoral win in the preceding elections. Following a 5-year rule, his party again lost at the elections to J. Jayalalithaa's AIADMK in 2001.
2000's
He was however back in power when he took over as chief Minister of Tamil Nadu on 13 May 2006 after his coalition defeated his main opponent J. Jayalalithaa in the May 2006 elections.[12]At the end of the 5-year administration, the DMK lost the majority of seats in the legislative assembly of Tamil Nadu when elections were held in 2011, thereby ceding power again to the AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa. During the 2016 closely fought elections DMK narrowly lost seats against J. Jayalalithaa's AIADMK.
He currently represents the constituency of Tiruvarur in the Tamil Nadu state Legislative Assembly. He has been elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly 13 times(from 1957 to 2016 elections) and once to the now abolished Tamil Nadu Legislative Council.

World Tamil Conference

He delivered the special address on the inaugural day of 3rd World Tamil Conference held in Paris in 1970, and also on the inaugural day of 6th World Tamil Conference held in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) in 1987. He penned the song "Semmozhiyaana Tamizh Mozhiyaam", the official theme song for the World Classical Tamil Conference 2010, that was set to tune by A. R. Rahman.[13]
'Ulaga Tamizh Manadu' [ World Tamil Conference ], was the first coined word for the conference in 2010, however the IATR organisation that had right to conduct the conference was not happy hence change in name.[14]

Illness, death and reactions

Karunanidhi was in poor health from October 2016 and minimized his political activities and public appearances, with the last one being on his 94th birthday on June 3, 2018.
On 28 July 2018 Karunanidhi's health deteriorated and became "extremely critical and unstable", and he was admitted at Kauvery Hospital in Chennai for treatment. He died there at 6:10 p.m. on August 7, 2018 due to age-related illness, which led to multiple organ failure.[1][15]
The government of Tamil Nadu has declared a public holiday on 8 August 2018 and a seven-day mourning after Karunanidhi's death. The national flag will fly at half-mast.[16]
A national mourning on 8 August 2018 was announced by the government of India. The national flag would fly at half-mast in Delhi, all state capitals and across Tamil Nadu on 8 August 2018.[17]
The governments of Karnataka and Bihar announced one-day and two-days state mourning respectively.[18]

Awards and titles


Karunanidhi in Paavendhar Tamil Literature & Research library
  • Annamalai University awarded him an honorary doctorate in 1971.[19]
  • He was awarded "Raja Rajan Award" by Tamil University, Thanjavur for his book Thenpandi Singam.[19]
  • On 15 December 2006, the Governor of Tamil Nadu and the Chancellor of Madurai Kamaraj University, Surjit Singh Barnala conferred an honorary doctorate on the Chief Minister on the occasion of the 40th annual convocation.
  • In June 2007,[20][21][22] the Tamil Nadu Muslim Makkal Katchi announced that it would confer the title "Friend of the Muslim Community" (Yaaran-E-Millath) upon M. Karunanidhi.

Controversies

He has been indicted by the Sarkaria commission for corruption in allotting tenders for the Veeranam project.[23] Indira Gandhi dismissed the Karunanidhi government based on charges of possible secession and corruption. In 2001, he was arrested on the charges of corruption in the construction of flyovers in Chennai.[24] He and his party members were also charged under four Sections like IPC 120(b), IPC 167, IPC 420 and IPC 409.[25]

Ram Setu remarks

In response to the Sethusamudram controversy, Karunanidhi questioned the existence of the Hindu God Rama. He said 'It is said that there was a God thousands of years ago called Ram. Do not touch the bridge built by him. I ask who is this Ram? Which engineering college did he graduate from?" His remarks caused a firestorm of controversy. BJP leader Ravi Shankar Prasad accused Karunanidhi of religious discrimination when noting "We would like to know from Karunanidhi if he would make a similar statement against religious head of any other religion; chance are he may not."[26]

Connections with LTTE

The interim report of Justice Jain Commission, which oversaw the investigation into Rajiv Gandhi's assassination, indicted Karunanidhi for abetting the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).[27] The interim report recommended that Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi and the DMK party be held responsible for abetting Rajiv Gandhi's murderers. The final report contained no such allegations.[28] In April 2009, in an interview to NDTV, Karunanidhi made a controversial remark stating that "Prabhakaran is my good friend" and also said, "India could not forgive the LTTE for assassinating Rajiv Gandhi".[29][30][31]

Allegations of nepotism

Karunanidhi has been accused by opponents, by some members of his party, and by other political observers of trying to promote nepotism.[32][page needed] Many political opponents and DMK party senior leaders have been critical of the rise of M. K. Stalin in the party.[citation needed] But some of the party men have pointed out that Stalin has come up on his own. He has faced a lot of hardship since 1975, when he was jailed under the Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) and was beaten up in jail so brutally during the Emergency that a fellow DMK party prisoner died trying to save him.[33] Stalin was an MLA in 1989 and 1996 when his father Karunanidhi was the Chief Minister, but he was not inducted into the Cabinet. He became Chennai's 44th mayor and its first directly elected mayor in 1996. It was only in his fourth term as MLA that he was made a Minister in the Karunanidhi cabinet and then in 2009 was made the Deputy Chief Minister. Karunanidhi's daughter Kanimozhi is a Rajya Sabha MP now.

Elections contested and positions held

Karunanidhi contested and won in all Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections (then Madras) since 1957 except 1984 when he didn't contest the election.
YearConstituencyResultVote percentageOpposition CandidateOpposition PartyOpposition vote percentage
1957KulithalaiWonK. A. DharmalingamINC
1962ThanjavurWonA. Y. S. Parisutha NadarINC
1967SaidapetWonS. G. VinayagamurthyINC
1971SaidapetWonKudanthai RamalingamCongress (O)
1977Anna NagarWon50.1G. KrishnamurthyADMK30.98[34]
1980Anna NagarWon48.97H.V.HandeADMK48.31[34]
1984Not ContestedNot ContestedNot ContestedNot ContestedNot ContestedNot Contested
1989HarbourWon59.76K.A.WahabMuslim League13.84[35]
1991HarbourWon48.66K. SuppuADMK47.26[35]
1996ChepaukWon77.05N.S. Nellai KannanINC17.24[36]
2001ChepaukWon51.91R. DamodharanINC43.5[36]
2006ChepaukWon50.96Dawood Miah KhanIndependent38.25[36]
2011ThiruvarurWon62.9M. RajendranADMK33.93[37]
2016ThiruvarurWonR. PannerselvamADMK

Posts in legislature

AssemblyFromToPositionParty - Number of seats
/Seats contested
Third Assembly19621967Deputy Leader of the Opposition50/143[38]
Fourth Assembly19671969State Minister for Public Works138/233[39]
Fourth Assembly10 February 19695 January 1971Chief Minister (1)[40]136/233[41]
Fifth Assembly15 March 197131 January 1976Chief Minister (2)[40]182/203[42]
Sixth Assembly25 July 197717 February 1980Leader of the Opposition (1)[40]48/230[43]
Seventh Assembly27 June 198018 August 1983Leader of the Opposition (2)[40]37/112[44]
Ninth Assembly27 January 198930 January 1991Chief Minister (3)[40]150/202[45]
Tenth Assembly26 April 199130 March 1996MLA [40]2/176 [46]
Eleventh Assembly13 May 199614 May 2001Chief Minister (4)[40]173/182[47]
Thirteenth Assembly13 May 200614 May 2011Chief Minister (5)[40]96/132[48]
Fourteenth Assembly16 May 201119 May 2016MLA23/124
Fifteenth Assembly19 May 2016PresentMLA89/176

See also

Notes

  1. Jump up to:a b c Narayan, Pushpa. "M Karunanidhi, DMK chief and former Tamil Nadu chief minister, dies aged 94"The Times of India (7 August 2018). Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  2. Jump up^ "M Karunanidhi: India's 91-year-old politician who is still fighting"BBC. 13 May 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
  3. Jump up^ Mohan, Gopu (31 May 2009). "Karunanidhi's Kutumbam"The Indian Express. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  4. Jump up^ "Dr. Kalaignar M Karunanidhi"www.kalaignarkarunanidhi.com.
  5. Jump up to:a b "DMK and Karunanidhi - Dalmiyapuram - Kallakudi Agitation (1953)"www.tamiltribune.com.
  6. Jump up^ Ramaswamy, Sumathi (20 November 1997). "Passions of the Tongue: Language Devotion in Tamil India, 1891–1970". University of California Press – via Google Books.
  7. Jump up^ "The Last Lear – The Long Profile of Karunanidhi in The Caravan"The Caravan India. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  8. Jump up to:a b Guneratne 2003, p. 216
  9. Jump up to:a b c d Hardgrave, Jr, Robert L (1973). "Politics and the Film in Tamilnadu: The Stars and the DMK". Asian Survey13 (3): 288–305. doi:10.1525/as.1973.13.3.01p0314o.
  10. Jump up^ A., Srivathsan (12 June 2006). "Films and the politics of convenience"The Hindu. Chennai, India. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  11. Jump up^ Ramaswamy 1997, p. 226
  12. Jump up^ Krishnakumar (25 April 2006). "The Sachin of TN politics". Rediff.com. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  13. Jump up^ T., Ramakrishnan (16 May 2010). "Front Page : Theme song launched for world classical Tamil meet"The Hindu. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  14. Jump up^ Karashima, Noboru (23 July 2010). "IATR and the World Classical Tamil Conference" – via www.thehindu.com.
  15. Jump up^ "'Kalaignar' M. Karunanidhi, former Tamil Nadu Chief Minister and DMK chief, passes away aged 94"The Hindu. 7 August 2018.
  16. Jump up^ https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/tn-govt-announces-7-day-mourning-over-karunanidhis-death/article24625906.ece
  17. Jump up^ https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/karunanidhis-death-centre-to-observe-state-mourning-across-country-tomorrow/314664
  18. Jump up^ "Former Chief Minister Of Tamil Nadu And DMK Chief M Karunanidhi Passed Away". Headlines Today. 7 August 2018. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  19. Jump up to:a b "Awards". Drkalaignar.org. Archived from the original on 7 January 2009. Retrieved 19 December 2011.
  20. Jump up^ "TMMK to confer Karunanidhi with 'Friend of the Community' title"newkerala.comUnited News of India. 3 June 2007. Chennai, 3 June: Tamil Nadu Chief Minister and DMK President M Karunanidhi, who turned 84 today, will be conferred with the 'Friend of the Muslim Community' title by the Tamil Nadu Muslim Makkal Katchi.
  21. Jump up^ "MK awarded 'Friend of the Community' title". Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  22. Jump up^ United News of India (4 June 2007). "Karunanidhi turns 84"news.webindia123.comThe Tamil Nadu Muslim Makkal Katchi has decided to confer 'Yaaraan-E-Millath (meaning friend of the Muslim community) title on Mr Karunanidhi to mark the occasion.
  23. Jump up^ "The Hindu : What the Sarkaria Commission said"The Hindu. 10 June 2001. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  24. Jump up^ "Welcome to Frontline". 29 (01). Frontline.
  25. Jump up^ "Karunanidhi held in pre-dawn swoop – Jailed on corruption charges". Blonnet.com. 31 December 2011. Archived from the original on 1 June 2006. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
  26. Jump up^ "Karuna earns BJP's wrath for comments on Lord Ram". Rediff. 17 September 2007. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  27. Jump up^ "India Today Cover Story Jain Commission Revelations: Damning the DMK]". India Today. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  28. Jump up^ "No adverse comments on DMK leaders in Jain report"The Hindu. Chennai, India. 14 February 2004. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  29. Jump up^ "Karunanidhi flip flops, says can't forgive LTTE". CNN-IBN. Retrieved 22 November2013.
  30. Jump up^ TamilNet (21 April 2012). "Karunanidhi: "Tamil Eelam Still Around the Corner"". Tamilnet.tv. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 22 November2013.
  31. Jump up^ S, Rajanayagam. Popular Cinema and Politics in South India: The Films of MGR and Rajinikanth. Routledge, 2015. ISBN 978-1-317-58772-9.
  32. Jump up^ S, Rajanayagam. Popular Cinema and Politics in South India: The Films of MGR and Rajinikanth. Routledge, 2015. ISBN 1317587723.
  33. Jump up^ "Politics: Special Series; M K Stalin". India Today. 1 November 1999. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  34. Jump up to:a b "Party wise comparison since 1977 in Anna Nagar constituency". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  35. Jump up to:a b "Party wise comparison since 1977 in Harbour constituency". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  36. Jump up to:a b c "Party wise comparison since 1977 in Chepauk constituency". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
  37. Jump up^ Statistical report on Tamil Nadu Assembly elections 2011, p. 191
  38. Jump up^ Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Quadrennial Review 1962-70 1967, pp. 6-7
  39. Jump up^ Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Quadrennial Review 1967-70 1971, p. 7
  40. Jump up to:a b c d e f g h "Details of Successive legislative assemblies constituted under the constitution of India". Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
  41. Jump up^ Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Quadrennial Review 1967-70 1971, p. 145
  42. Jump up^ Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Quadrennial Review 1971-76 1976, p. 157
  43. Jump up^ Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Quadrennial Review 1977-80 1980, p. 9
  44. Jump up^ Statistical report on Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections 1980, p. 10
  45. Jump up^ Statistical report on Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections 1989, p. 10
  46. Jump up^ Statistical report on Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections 1991, p. 10
  47. Jump up^ Statistical report on Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections 1996, p. 11
  48. Jump up^ Statistical report on Tamil Nadu Assembly general elections 2006, p. 11


References

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
C. N. Annadurai
Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
First Tenure

1969–1976
Vacant
Title next held by
M. G. Ramachandran
Vacant
Title last held by
Janaki Ramachandran
Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
Second Tenure

1989–1990
Vacant
Title next held by
J. Jayalalithaa
Preceded by
J. Jayalalithaa
Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
Third Tenure

1996–2001
Succeeded by
J. Jayalalithaa
Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu
Fourth Tenure

2006–2011



தமிழகத்துக்கு கருணாநிதி கொண்டுவந்த நலத்திட்டங்கள்: அடுக்கடுக்காக அடுக்கும் தொண்டர்கள்

2018-07-31@ 01:07:08













அணைகளை காமராஜர் கட்டினார். சத்துணவு எம்ஜிஆர் ஆரம்பித்தார். கருணாநிதி என்ன செய்தார் என்று சிலர் போகிற போக்கில் விமர்சனம் செய்கின்றனர். அவர் செய்யாமல் விட்ட துறைதான் என்ன? என்று எதிர் கேள்வி  கேட்கும் தொண்டர்கள், அவர் செய்ததை பட்டியலிடுகின்றனர். 
1.போக்குவரத்து துறை என்ற துறையை உருவாக்கினார்.
2. போக்குவரத்தை தேசியமயமாக்கினார்.
3.மின்சாரம் அனைத்து கிராமங்களுக்கும் செல்ல வழித்தடம் அமைத்தார்.
4. 1500 பேரை கொண்ட கிராமங்களுக்கும் சாலை வழித்தடம் அமைத்து தந்தார்.
5. தமிழ்நாடு குடிசை மாற்று வாரியம் அமைத்து தந்தார்.
6. குடிநீர் வடிகால் வாரியம் அமைத்தார்.
7. முதலில் இலவச கண் சிகிச்சை முகாம் அமைத்தார்.
8. பிச்சைக்காரர்கள் மறுவாழ்வு மையம் அமைத்தார்.
9. கையால் இழுக்கும் ரிக்‌ஷாவை ஒழித்து இலவச சைக்கிள் ரிக்‌ஷா கொடுத்தார்.
10. இலவச கான்கிரீட் வீடுகளை ஒடுக்கப்பட்டோருக்கு கொடுக்கும் திட்டம் வகுத்தார்.
11. குடியிருப்புச்சட்டம் (வாடகை நிர்ணயம் போன்றவை) கொண்டுவந்தார்.
12. இந்தியாவிலே முதன் முதலில் காவல் துறை ஆணையம் அமைத்தார்.
13. பிற்படுத்தப்பட்டோர் மற்றும் தாழ்த்தப்பட்டோருக்கென துறை அமைத்தார்.
14. அரசியலமைப்பில் பிற்படுத்தப்பட்டோருக்கான அமைப்பை அமைத்தார்.
15. அரசியலமைப்பில் பிசி- 31%, எஸ்சி - 18 % ஆக உயர்த்தினார்.
16. பிளஸ்2 வரை இலவசக்கல்வி உருவாக்கினார்.
17. மே 1, சம்பளத்துடன் கூடிய பொது விடுமுறை அறிவித்தார்.
18. நபிகள் நாயகத்தின் பிறந்த நாளை விடுமுறையாய் அறிவித்தார்.
19. முதல் விவசாயக்கல்லூரி (கோவை) உருவாக்கினார்.
20. அரசு ஊழியர்கள் குடும்ப நல திட்டம் தந்தார்.
21. அரசு ஊழியர்கள் மேலான ரகசிய அறிக்கை முறையை ஒழித்தார்.
22. மீனவர்களுக்கு இலவச வீடு வழங்கும் திட்டம் தந்தார்.
23. கோவில்களில் குழந்தைகளுக்கான “கருணை இல்லம் “ தந்தார்.
24. சேலம் இரும்பு தொழிற்சாலை அமைத்தார்.
25. நில விற்பனை வரையரை சட்டம் அமைத்தார்.
26. இரண்டாம் அலகு நிலக்கரி மின்உற்பத்தி நெய்வேலி கொண்டுவந்தார்.
27. பெட்ரோல் மற்றும் ரசாயன தொழிற்சாலை தூத்துகுடிக்கு கொண்டுவந்தார்.
28. சிட்கோ உருவாக்கினார். 29. சிப்காட் உருவாக்கினார்.
30. உருது பேசும் இஸ்லாமியர்களை பிற்படுத்தபப்பட்டோரில் தமிழ் இஸ்லாமியர்கள் போல் சேர்த்தார்.
31. பயனற்ற நிலத்தின் மீதான வரி நீக்கம்.
32. மனு நீதி திட்டம்.
33. பூம்புகார் கப்பல் நிறுவனம்.
34. பசுமை புரட்சி திட்டம்.
35. கொங்கு வேளாளர் இனத்தை பிற்படுத்தப்பட்டோரில் இணைத்தார்.
36. மிக பிறப்படுத்தப்பட்டோரில் வன்னியர்,சீர் மரபினரை சேர்த்தார்.
37. மிக பிற்படுத்தபப்பட்டோருக்கு 20% தனி இட ஒதுக்கீடு தந்தார்.
38. தாழ்த்தப்பட்டோருக்கு18% தனி இட ஒதுக்கீடு தந்தார்.
39. பழங்குடியினருக்கு 1% தனி இட ஒதுக்கீடு தந்தார்.
40. மிகவும் பிற்படுத்தப்பட்டோருக்கு இலவச கல்வி தந்தார்.
41. வருமான உச்ச வரம்புக்கு கீழ் உள்ள பிற்படுத்தப்பட்டவர்களுக்கு இலவச கல்வி, இளங்கலை பட்டப்படிப்பு வரை தந்தார்.
42. தாழ்த்தப்பட்டோருக்கு இலவச கல்வி தந்தார்.
43. இந்தியாவிலே முதன் முறையாக விவசாயத்திற்கு இலவச மின்சாரம் தந்தார்.
44. சொத்தில் பெண்ணுக்கு சம உரிமையை சட்டமாக்கினார்.
45. அரசு வேலை வாய்ப்புகளில் பெண்களுக்கு 30% இடஒதுக்கீடு,
46. ஆசியாவிலே முதன் முறையாக கால்நடை மற்றும் விலங்குகள் அறிவியல் பல்கலைகழகம் அமைத்தார்.
47. ஏழை பெண்களுக்கு திருமண நிதி உதவி திட்டம்.
48. விதவை பெண்கள் மறுமண நிதி உதவி திட்டம்
49. நேரடி நெல் கொள்முதல் மையம்
50. நெல் கொள்முதலில் ஊக்கத்தொகை மற்றும் விலை ஏற்றம்,
51. தமிழ்நாடு நுகர் பொருள் வாணிபக் கழகம் அமைத்தார்.
52. கர்ப்பிணி பெண்களுக்கு நிதி உதவி திட்டம்
53. பெண்கள் சுய உதவி குழுக்கள் அமைத்தார்.
54. மனோன்மணியம் சுந்தரனார் பல்கலைக்கழகம் நிறுவினார்.
55. பாவேந்தர் பாரதிதாசன் பல்கலைக்கழகம் நிறுவினார்.
56. டாக்டர் எம்ஜிஆர் மருத்துவ கல்லூரி நிறுவினார்.
57. முதன் முதலில் காவிரி நீதிமன்றம் அமைக்க முற்பட்டார்.
58. உள்ளாட்சி மற்றும் கூட்டுறவு தேர்தல் கொண்டுவந்தார்.
59. உள்ளாட்சி பதவிகளில் 33% பெண்களுக்கு இடஒதுக்கீடு,
60. இரு பெண் மேயரில் ஒருவர் தாழ்த்தப்பட்ட இனத்திலிருந்து வர செய்தது,
61. மெட்ராஸ், சென்னையாக்கியது.
62. முதல் தடவையாக விதவை பெண்களுக்கும் பொறியியல் மற்றும் மருத்துவ கல்லூரியில் இடம்.
63. தொழிற்சாலைகளுக்கான வெளிப்படை கொள்கை
64. முதல் தடவை விதவை பெண்கள் தொழில் தொடங்க உதவி,
65. கான்கிரீட் சாலை அமைத்தது.
66. தொழில்முறை கல்வியில் கிராமபுற மாணவர்களுக்கு 15% இடஒதுக்கீடு
67. திருவள்ளுவருக்கு சிலை வைத்தது.
68. தமிழுக்கு செம்மொழி அங்கீகாரம் பெற்றுத் தந்தது
69. செம்மொழி மாநாடு நடத்தினார்.
70. சத்துணவில் கொண்டைக்கடலை, வாழைப்பழம் சேர்த்து வழங்கினார்.
71. பால் விலை, பேருந்து கட்டணம், மின்சார கட்டணம் உயர்த்தி மக்களை துன்புறுத்தாதவர்.
72. விவசாயக்கடனை அறவே தள்ளுபடி செய்து, விவசாய மக்களை காத்தவர். (2006-2011 வரை ஐந்து ஆண்டுகளில் பட்டினிச்சாவு இல்லாத மாநிலம் தமிழகம்)
73. நியாய விலைக் கடைகளில் மளிகைப் பொருட்கள்(வாசனைச் சாமான்கள், சோம்பு, சீரகம், மிளகு, பட்டை, கிராம்பு, வெந்தயம், பிரிஞ்சு இலை, முதற்கொண்டு) அனைத்தும் தட்டுப்பாடு இல்லாமல் கிடைக்கச் செய்தவர்.  விலைவாசி அதனால் தான் கட்டுக்குள் இருந்தது.
74. ஈழத் தமிழருக்காக இரு முறை ஆட்சியை துறந்தவர். இவ்வாறு கருணாநிதியின் சாதனைகளை வாட்ஸ் அப் மூலமாகவும், கோஷங்களாகவும் எழுப்பி வருகின்றனர் திமுக தொண்டர்கள்.





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